https://escholarship.org/content/qt8f60q9gt/qt8f60q9gt.pdf

"The law therefore claimed victimization for a large number of women who did not see themselves as “victims,” but rather as career prostitutes or willing lovers.

Other women did demand that the law view them as victims, drawing on a long tradition of seduction cases in the United States to claim that consensual affairs were retroactively non-consensual when men reneged on their promises of marriage.

The Mann Act defined the transported women as “victims” in an effort to protect them, but its enforcement led other people to protest that they had been victimized, not by sexually aggressive men, but by the legal system itself.

Men imprisoned for interstate affairs while their mistresses faced no consequences may be viewed as victims of the overzealous enforcement of this law. But their abandoned families—left to fend for themselves while the men served their sentences—may have been the ones who suffered the most.

For instance, when Leroy Edson Elliott was sent to the McNeil Island Penitentiary in Washington for violating the Mann Act, his wife and four children found themselves left destitute in Utah. Leroy had worked for a railroad and had carried on a brief interstate affair with a young woman, letting her use his train pass to join him in California and then sharing a hotel room. Their fling ended quickly, as the young woman’s mother “started raising hell” and turned him in.

Leroy was sentenced to eighteen months in prison, during which his wife, Sadie, wrote repeatedly to the warden and her state senator asking for her husband to be paroled. She insisted that she and her four children were the true victims in this case, and that their situation could only be remedied by her husband returning to work on their farm and for the railroad. "