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Data analysis of GitHub contributions reveals unexpected gender bias: "Women's contributions to open source are more likely to be accepted than men's."

trot-trot

February 12, 2016
37 upvotes
/r/MensRights
http://arstechnica.com/information-technology/2016/02/data-analysis-of-github-contributions-reveals-unexpected-gender-bias/
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Post Information
Title Data analysis of GitHub contributions reveals unexpected gender bias: "Women's contributions to open source are more likely to be accepted than men's."
Author

trot-trot

Upvotes 37
Comments 19
Date February 12, 2016 1:44 AM UTC
(10 years ago)
Subreddit Posted in /r/MensRights
Original Link https://old.reddit.com/r/MensRights/comments/45ccjv/data_analysis_of_github_contributions_reveals/
Archive Link https://theredarchive.com/r/MensRights/data-analysis-of-github-contributions-reveals.956323
https://theredarchive.com/post/956323
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Comments

[–]hugboxer 10 points11 points12 points 10 years ago (5 children) | Copy Link

We began by stating our conclusion that women are discriminated against in open source communities, and then we gathered data to prove it. Our first attempt was a complete failure, though -- the statistic we produced implies the exact opposite of our conclusion. But then we hit on the idea of introducing additional variables to subdivide the data. This allowed us to find a specific subset where our conclusion held true. Having thus proved our conclusion, we considered our analysis complete.

[–]unpicked-username 1 point2 points3 points 10 years ago (1 child) | Copy Link

Sounds dodgy, just as bad as feminism "research"

lets tweak the entire sample until it matches our desired results

[–]Lethn 0 points1 point2 points 10 years ago (0 children) | Copy Link

It's not even that, it's like the wage gap, they take some very simply done statistics which don't take into account a lot of factors and they immediately scream sexism without even bothering to look at anything within these studies that might actually indicate why this result came out.

They're declaring gender bias where there is none, by the way, I should point out that it seems that feminists have been trying to attack the programming community for awhile now. This is just one of many attempts, they're specifically trying to go after places like github and other open source communities.

Fucks sake, it's amazing how persistent they are with perpertrating this bullshit.

[–]MalibuStayZ -2 points-1 points0 points 10 years ago (2 children) | Copy Link

Mandatory Link: https://xkcd.com/882/

[–][deleted] 10 years ago (1 child) | Copy Link

[permanently deleted]

[–]AutoModerator[M] 0 points1 point2 points 10 years ago (0 children) | Copy Link

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[–]busymath 5 points6 points7 points 10 years ago (0 children) | Copy Link

I sort of wonder if this is a result of the fact that women are more likely to pursue fields they excel at then men are. I go to uwaterloo which is pretty well known for math/CS and the profs have found that generally the few women who are in CS do on average better then the men who have a much wider range of grades.

Tldr: the few women who code tend to be the best women who code, lots of men code meaning more men are bad at coding

[–]Hamakua 4 points5 points6 points 10 years ago* (0 children) | Copy Link

I've witnessed this phenomenon for years but there is no way to broach the subject because "sexism". I've seen inferior technical work by women get accepted and praised over superior but thankless technical work by men just because of the genders involved.

I've seen final products developed that were objectively inferior to what their potential could have been based solely on the genders and their respective contributions involved in the project. I've seen token "office girls" pushed up through the ranks of tech jobs with no training, no portfolio, no nothing - and all along the way get more ambiguous but "highly technical sounding" titles attached to their arbitrary position. Then seen them put in charge of "managing" a team of "lower" male workers who do all the work and could have done so without any manager directly above them.


Essentially busy work given to a gender over more technically talented people simply so a false label can be given to a specific gender so it can be represented that particular member of that gender is no different and possibly even more talented than the people they are "managing."


Worst part?

Women who are actually talented and technically apt to the same level as the "Guys" exist, just in far fewer numbers - they more often than not get "Stuck" in the lower positions because the "higher token positions" at least in some areas are there specifically for the inept.

This isn't saying women specifically are inept at tech jobs - but those positions are ear marked (currently) for the inept and corporate pressure is pushing to "hire more women" instead of not worrying about the diversity pie chart and simply hiring the most qualified.

This means that the token "throw away" inept positions get filled with women because of the quota pressures - and because of that a false representation of women is embedded in the tech firm.


People learn now that instead of it being a case of "women are as apt as men at tech jobs - it's just not as popular" You have an engineered situation where observing the attempt at 50/50 will show you "women are simply not as apt at tech jobs as men" Because most of the women put above men simply to fulfill a quota - qualifications and ability be damned - become the "face" of women's ability in tech firms.


I could go on for days.

[–]MalibuStayZ 2 points3 points4 points 10 years ago* (3 children) | Copy Link

No matter what the explanation—and it's likely some combination—we have further evidence that there is measurable bias against women in computer science.

I can't help myself, but it seems to me that this would have been the conclusion no matter what the data had shown.

[–]GenderNeutralLanguag 0 points1 point2 points 10 years ago (2 children) | Copy Link

It wouldn't have been. The statistics could have been spin doctored to show that women's contributions where accepted less often than men's. They didn't do this. There is no reason to think they would go against the science if they had found different results.

Also, keep in mind that this is a science paper written by computer scientists, not a Feelz paper written by gender studies. They say what they mean and mean exactly what they say. There was a MEASURABLE bias, a statistically significant finding. This is true because they are working with a data pool of nearly 1.5 MILLION.

When you go swimming, I can measure with a fair degree of accuracy, statistically significant accuracy, how much water you drained from the pool because water stuck to you when you got out. To say that the tablespoons of water that stick to you upon exiting a pool is has practical significance is just simply silly. It is fair and reasonable to say it has statistical significance....It is measurable.

Tablespoons out of a swimming pool is the kind of discrimination they have found, but it is measurable.

[–]MalibuStayZ 0 points1 point2 points 10 years ago* (1 child) | Copy Link

As the article says:

The researchers admit that they expected to find that women's pull requests were accepted less often.

So they made a first analsysis which showed that women have an acceptance rate of 78% while men have an acceptance rate of 74%, which "shocked" them since it didn't prove their hypothesis. (Article sounds to me that if they had found out the opposite, they would have stopped there and consider their hypothesis as proven.)

Then they made a second analysis: Maybe women just make smaller changes which are accepted more often and women are still discriminated against? But that was also wrong, women made bigger changes than men.

And then they made a third analysis, which showed that people with gender-neutral profiles generally have higher acceptance rate than people with gendered profiles. On projects where people are insiders, women with gendered profiles have higher acceptance rates. But they don't conclude a bias against men from that, instead:

So why are women in open source more competent than men?

On projects where people are outsiders, changes by women with gendered profiles are less often accepted. (Although not "far" less often as the article states. It's just the strange y-axis they use which ranges from 60 - 80% and make the difference look bigger than it actually is. Looks like 62% to 63% to me.)

And finally they can stop their research since they consider their hypothesis as proven. (Else they would have kept making subsets till they would have found a subset in which their hypothesis is true.)

But their hypothesis wouldn't even be proven if this last difference were bigger, it could maybe simply be the Simpson's paradox and women just contribute more often to projects with generally lower acceptance rates.

Also, keep in mind that this is a science paper written by computer scientists, not a Feelz paper written by gender studies.

Just because something is not Gender Studies doesn't mean that it is really empirical. And just because something is Gender Studies doesn't mean that is it un-empirical either.

[–]GenderNeutralLanguag 0 points1 point2 points 10 years ago (0 children) | Copy Link

Do you even science?

To do science follow some simple steps.

1) form a hypothesis (guess at the answer to a question) 2) Test the hypothesis (Experiments to gather data) 3) analize the data 4) Lather rinse repeat

The researchers had a guess as to the truth of something, a hypothesis. This hypothesis was that women are discriminated against in Open source. This is a good hypothesis. It's clearly stated and well formed and highly testable.

So, step 2 they TESTED. This testing was a very novel and unique data mining project that produced an exceptionally rich data set.

step 3, analize the data. "WOW my guess was wrong" is perfectly valid if not the third person clinical that gets used in academic writings.

step 4, make more guesses, in this case they came up with FIVE guesses as to why. Women are just better coders than men was not reasonable answer, so they looked for other reasons. They investigated 5 possibilities.

  1. Women's pull request acceptance starts lower, and women feel bad and drop out, leaving the better coders with higher acceptance.
  2. Women are making pull requests directly related to needs.
  3. Women are making smaller (easier to accept) changes
  4. Women are making more non-code contributions
  5. Women are the beneficiaries of benevolent sexism

These are not listed in the order investigated. They are listed in order of most significant findings. By far the most significant finding explaining women's overall higher acceptence rates is "survialship" with women that are weak coders dropping out at much higher rates than men that are weak coders.

By far the weakest finding was the one of bias because it both ran counter to explaining women's higher acceptance rates AND it was barely identifiable. They didn't delve further into this apparent sexism because that wasn't the focus of the paper. This apparent sexism made explaining their results of women's higher acceptance rates more difficult. They didn't stop with this result because it supported their preconceived notions.

Yes, the graph for Figure 5 dramatically exaggerates the difference.

Simpson's paradox, I didn't think of that. It may very well be a good explanation.

Peer review for Gender Studies papers are "Where there enough feeling words". Peer review for sciences are "Is that factually correct" Sometimes empirically correct papers chance through gender studies peer review and sometimes empirically incorrect papers chance through science peer review.

When looking a science papers, one needs to keep in mind that they are science papers. One valid critisism of this paper is that they don't distinguish between "statistically significant" and "Practically significant", and there is a HUGE difference between the two.

[–]autotldr 1 point2 points3 points 10 years ago (0 children) | Copy Link

This is the best tl;dr I could make, original reduced by 92%. (I'm a bot)


Based on previous work done on women in computer science, which has revealed that women consistently earn lower salaries than men and have to prove their worth more often, the researchers hypothesized that open source project leaders would incorporate fewer contributions from women into their code.

Perhaps men involved in open source had a "Helper" complex, and they wanted to bring women into the fold so badly that they merged women's pull requests more often than they did men's.

So why are women in open source more competent than men? Given that there is no "Computer science gene" that occurs more often in women than in men, there has to be a social bias at work.


Extended Summary | FAQ | Theory | Feedback | Top keywords: women#1 men#2 more#3 contributions#4 open#5

[–]DoHaze 1 point2 points3 points 10 years ago (0 children) | Copy Link

I strongly encourage everyone to go and read the comment section of this article on Ars, there is a lot of very informative posts.

For my part, I think this study came with an agenda, looking for a bias, and many parameters were not factored in.

[–]Flaktrack 0 points1 point2 points 10 years ago (0 children) | Copy Link

When a woman offered a pull request on an open source project where she was an outsider—in other words, where none of the project leads knew her—her contributions were far less likely to be accepted than ones from outsider men. Far from showing bias against men, this showed a bias against women.

I love how they're ignoring that gendered profiles for insiders show women actually having a higher rate of success than men. It's almost like it's not actually bias against women so much as bias against certain user types, namely the ones who proudly display their blue hair while they crush the patriarchy one unsolicited pull request at a time.

we have further evidence that there is measurable bias against women in computer science

How can you come to this conclusion from a single set of data? "Unknown women are less likely to have their submissions accepted" is simply not enough information to infer this conclusion, let alone any conclusion at all.

[–]hackableyou 0 points1 point2 points 10 years ago (3 children) | Copy Link

All things being equal, contributions from unknown women were accepted less often than contributions from unknown men.

Could it be that men are just better coders than women? I am not saying yes or no because I don't know, but why do the researchers say the above and can not even consider it? Nobody seems to have a problem saying that mothers are better parents than fathers. Why can't we consider it when it is the opposite?

[–]GenderNeutralLanguag 0 points1 point2 points 10 years ago (2 children) | Copy Link

They did consider this. It is inconsistent with their findings that women who are not gender identified on GitHub have higher acceptance rates than men that are not gender identified. This difference they attribute to "survialism". Women have thinner skins and are less competitive so the weaker female coders are much more likely to drop out. The women that survive on GitHub (not women in general) are better than average coders.

[–]hackableyou 0 points1 point2 points 10 years ago (1 child) | Copy Link

The statement that I quoted says the opposite of what you are saying. This suggests women did worse, not better.

[–]GenderNeutralLanguag 0 points1 point2 points 10 years ago (0 children) | Copy Link

Yea, the reinterpretation of the paper by the media got shit wrong. Is that any surprise?

I'm looking directly at the paper.

The Big finding, the most important finding, the most significant finding is that women's submissions to GitHub are more likely to be accepted then men's.

When broken down into gender identifiable as male or female or not identifiable as male or female to repos that are public and repos that are public.

Women that are identifiable as women on GitHub have their submissions to public repos (they are unknown to the owner) rejected more often than men that are identifiable as men on GitHub submitting pulls to public repos.

Women that are not identifiable as women on GitHub have their submissions to public repos accepted more often than men that are not identifiable as men.

That's some word salad. Do you see how easy it would be to srew up understanding that?

Now in English.

If you only consider the subset of Repositories that are public, ones where the owner is unlikely to personally know the contributors.

When testing gender blind acceptance, women are accepted more than men.

When testing gender known acceptance, men are accepted more than women.

And, yes, this was a very small difference, but one that was measurable.

This is the finding from the paper, not a reinterpretation for the media.

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