Need Information, Part 4

problem_redditor · 2021-05-20T01:39:06+00:00

Yes. There's not too much data collected about it, but what there is suggests that the situation for men and boys in third world countries is not too rosy. For example here's data on the sexual victimisation of men and boys in Arab countries.

Prevalence and Long-Term Impact of Child Sexual Abuse Among a Sample of Male College Students in Jordan

This 2001 study examines a sample of 100 male college students in Jordan at about 18-20 years of age and finds that 27% of them experienced child sexual abuse before the age of 14.

Prevalence of Key Forms of Violence Against Adolescents in the Arab Region: A Systematic30399-9/pdf) Review30399-9/pdf)

A 2018 review of the data surrounding violence against adolescents in the Middle East. It provides a thorough summary of available evidence on violence against adolescents in the Arab region. It has this to say about sex differences in victimisation:

"When results were disaggregated by sex, reported rates of all forms of violence, including sexual abuse, were usually higher among males compared with females. This was reported in Palestine, where physical or psychological maltreatment was reported by 1/2 of males and 1/4 of females [42]; in Egypt where over 1/2 of males and about 36% of females were physically punished [29]; and in Lebanon where males reported significantly higher rates of sexual harassment/abuse than females [49]."

Prevalence of physical, psychological, and sexual abuse among a nationwide sample of Arab high school students: association with family characteristics, anxiety, depression, self-esteem, and quality of life

This 2010 study found among a sample of approximately four thousand Kuwaiti students that there were no significant gender differences in the prevalence of sexual attacks and someone threatening the subjects with sex. The prevalence of someone sexually exposing themselves to the students and unwanted touching of sexual parts was significantly higher among the boys.

The Rates of Child Sexual Abuse and Its Psychological Consequences as Revealed by a Study Among Palestinian University Students

While this 2001 study is chock-full of feminist blathering about "patriarchy", its results are interesting.

The study aimed to achieve the following two objectives: First, it sought to examine the rates of sexual abuse in Palestinian society at three ages (12 years or less, 12–16 years, and 16 years) by three perpetrators (a family member, a relative, and a stranger). It used a sample of 652 Palestinian undergraduate students, and used Finkelhor’s (1979) scale for measuring sexual abuse.

Thirteen different acts of sexual abuse were presented in the questionnaire. Participants were asked to indicate whether or not they had experienced each of the acts by three different perpetrators, that is, a family member, a relative from the extended family, or a stranger, at three age periods (i.e., under the age of 12, from the age of 12 to 16, and over the age of 16). Responses were based on a dichotomous scale (0 “no,” and 1 “yes”).

Similar rates of sexual abuse were found among female and male students regardless of perpetrator or age, and this pattern of symmetry existed for even the most severe forms of sexual abuse (forced sex). The study notes that "the current research findings indicate that the rates of the problem are similar among female and male Palestinian students."

SEXUAL VIOLENCE AGAINST MEN AND BOYS IN THE SYRIA CRISIS

A 2017 report by UNHCR covers the topic of sexual violence against men and boys in the Syria crisis.

They held focus group discussions (FGDs) in order to gather data on community knowledge, attitudes, and behaviours related to sexual violence against men, explore second- and third-hand accounts of SVM, and brainstorm suggestions for possible intervention strategies. One focus group of refugee women in Jordan estimated that 30 to 40 per cent of all adult men in their community had experienced sexual violence while in detention in Syria. While these figures are clearly not quantitatively derived, they do reflect the perceived magnitude of the violence and may shed light on the possible prevalence.

They also note other issues that men face in the Syria crisis, for example that 94 per cent of detainees and 97 per cent of the disappeared in Syria are male.

A huge amount of men and boys are sexually abused in these countries, and the prevalence among men and boys is similar to the prevalence among women. However, you only hear international concern about the victimisation of women and girls, and most resources and help are dedicated to them. And that is a men's issue.

problem_redditor · 2021-05-20T01:45:55+00:00

Boko Haram, part 1

The case of Boko Haram is also another example of women and girls being focused on to the exclusion of men and boys. The world went nuts about the kidnapping of the Chibok girls, but nobody seemed to care about the boys that Boko Haram kidnapped and killed. I know that a lot of people here have watched The Red Pill and know about Boko Haram, but the situation was actually far more egregious than it was presented even in that movie.

While the world focused on Boko Haram’s kidnappings of women and girls, they were stealing an even greater number of boys. Over a period of three years, Boko Haram kidnapped more than 10,000 boys and trained them in boot camps in abandoned villages and forest hide-outs. They physically and psychologically tortured them and forced them to commit atrocities on behalf of the terrorist group.

"In many camps, boys hardly old enough to hold guns were taught how to shoot. Thirteen-year-old Modu said that in his former camp, they practiced firing at planks of wood. Elsewhere, boys shot cows or goats. In Rachel’s camp, older militants took young boys on trips into the countryside to rob herdsmen of their cattle. For even minor infractions, militants beat boys nearly unconscious, or denied them food and sleep for days, former captives say."

Boko Haram literally went from village to village kidnapping thousands of boys. They tortured them, indoctrinated them, and then forced them to commit horrendous acts, from assault to murder to rape. The boys were also often subject to that violence themselves, and they often had no way out. Even when these boys escaped, they were at risk of being killed by the fucking Nigerian army themselves because the boys were viewed as "irredeemable" monsters and not deserving of rehabilitation or help.

https://www.wsj.com/articles/the-kidnapped-boys-of-boko-haram-1471013062

They not only kidnapped boys, but they killed them too. On 29 September 2013, gunmen from Boko Haram entered the male dormitory in the College of Agriculture in Gujba, Yobe State, Nigeria, killing forty-four students and teachers. "The extremists rode into the college in two double-cabin pickup all-terrain vehicles and on motorcycles, some dressed in Nigerian military uniforms, a surviving student, Ibrahim Mohammed, told the AP. He said they appeared to know the layout of the college, attacking the four male hostels but avoiding the one hostel reserved for women."

https://web.archive.org/web/20131002234600/http://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/world/at-least-42-killed-18-injured-in-nigeria-college-attack-by-suspected-islamic-extremists/article14589188/

They did this again in February of 2014, when Boko Haram terrorists attacked a boarding school. They killed dozens of boys but apparently spared the girls, telling them to flee, get married, and shun the western education to which they were privy.

https://opinion.premiumtimesng.com/2017/02/25/177120/

https://www.mediaite.com/online/why-did-kidnapping-girls-but-not-burning-boys-alive-wake-media-up-to-boko-haram/

Later in 2014 Boko Haram raided Nigerian villages. They shot residents to death and burned down homes, and they seem to have targeted men and boys. According to CNN: "The attackers, who posed as soldiers, told residents they had come to protect them from Boko Haram and asked them to assemble. They singled out men and boys and opened fire on them," Biye said.

A local leader in Attagara village, who fled to nearby Madagali town in neighboring Adamawa state, said the death toll was staggering. "The death is unimaginable. We have lost between 400 and 500 people in the attacks in which men and male children were not spared,” said the local leader, who asked not to be named for security reasons. “The gunmen pursued on motorcycle people who fled into the bush in a bid to escape and shot them dead. Even nursing mothers had their male infants snatched from their backs and shot dead before their eyes,” the local leader said.

https://edition.cnn.com/2014/06/05/world/africa/boko-haram-village-raids/index.html?hpt=hp_bn2

A report by Oxfam in August 2016 noted that thousands of men and boys were killed by the terrorist group Boko Haram in north-eastern Nigeria - far more than women and girls. In an Oxfam protection survey with communities affected by violence done last year, people reported 41% more killings of men and boys by Boko Haram than of women and girls; and the number is even higher among adults, with 77% more men killed than women.

"Those who survived the mayhem, often men and boys of fighting age, were captured and taken to Boko Haram bases, to be trained as fighters or to serve as Boko Haram members, taken to Sambisa forest and other remote areas, never to be heard of again."

https://web.archive.org/web/20180902/https://www.oxfam.org/en/west-africa-crisis-nigeria/missing-men-and-boys-nigerias-unfolding-tragedy

problem_redditor · 2021-05-20T01:46:27+00:00

Boko Haram, part 2

So men and boys were overwhelmingly the ones targeted by Boko Haram. And what does the mainstream media go crazy over? The kidnapping of 300 Chibok schoolgirls. There was a whole #BringBackOurGirls hashtag for women when Boko Haram captured girls. Even Michelle Obama spoke out about it and trotted out the line that they were "out to deny girls an education" when no, they were out to deny EVERY child a western education. It's even in the name. Boko Haram roughly translates to "Western education is sinful".

The United States sent technical experts to aid the Nigerian government's search for the girls. On May 27, 2014 the US already had sent 80 troops to Chad to support the unmanned drones and surveillance aircraft being used in the search for the girls. In addition they sent about 30 specialists from the Departments of State and Defense and the FBI to advise the Nigerians.

https://www.csmonitor.com/World/Africa/Africa-Monitor/2014/0527/US-aid-to-help-Nigeria-with-Boko-Haram-What-it-means-so-far

https://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/may/06/us-sending-experts-nigeria-kidnapped-schoolgirls

Britain, France and China also offered support in trying to rescue the girls. "A team of UK experts who will advise and support the Nigerian authorities in its response to the abduction of over 200 school girls touched down in Abuja this morning," a statement from the British Foreign Office said. They included diplomats, aid workers and ministry of defence officials. "The team will be working closely with US counterparts and others to coordinate efforts" as well as looking at longer term solutions to the crisis, the statement said.

https://www.abc.net.au/news/2014-05-10/nigerian-schoolgirls3a-experts-from-us2c-britain-arrive-to-he/5443876

https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-27335956

It's clear that the international community went all out in their efforts to recover the girls. The abduction of the girls also put Boko Haram in the spotlight, galvanising countries into helping Nigeria deal with the threat in the long term. As far as I can see there was no such equivalent concern about the 10,000 boys kidnapped by Boko Haram, even though they made up the vast majority of those affected. The majority of the compassion and aid went towards the girls.

Interviews with some of the kidnapped girls who have since been rescued suggest that the kidnappers messed up. They had targeted the school to steal mechanical equipment. There were all these girls there that they hadn't expected to find, and the kidnappers discussed amongst themselves what they should do with them, since the girls had not been the target, were not expected to be there and they'd been given no orders regarding them. They decided to take them to their camp and ask their leader what he wanted to do with them.

Recalling the night of their kidnapping in April 2014, Naomi Adamu described in the diaries how Boko Haram had not come to the school in Chibok to abduct the girls, but rather to steal machinery for house building.

“One boy said they should burn us all, and they (some of the other fighters) said: ‘No, let us take them with us to Sambisa (Boko Haram’s remote forest base) ... if we take them to Shekau (the group’s leader), he will know what to do’”, Adamu wrote.

https://www.reuters.com/article/us-nigeria-boko-haram-chibok-idUSKCN1AX0AY

So the girls were not even the actual target of the raid. And yet these girls being kidnapped was the event that galvanised the international community to start offering equipment, intelligence, resources and manpower to "bring back the girls" and deal with Boko Haram. Abducted boys? Psssh, what abducted boys? Never heard of them.

problem_redditor · 2021-05-20T02:01:00+00:00

Even things like wartime rape get gendered when in reality they are not significantly gendered. The effect of this is that the significant cohort of male victims get ignored in international law and policy and swept under the rug.

Association of Sexual Violence and Human Rights Violations With Physical and Mental Health in Territories of the Eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo

Here is a 2010 study attempting to survey the prevalence of sexual violence and other human rights violations in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. Rates of reported sexual violence were 39.7% among women and 23.6% among men. Of those who were exposed to sexual violence, 74.3% of women and 64.5% of men were exposed to conflict-associated sexual violence.

The surprising finding here is that women were reported to have perpetrated a surprisingly high proportion of the conflict-related sexual violence. Women were the perpetrators of conflict-related sexual violence in 41.1% of female cases and 10.0% of male cases.

Association of Combatant Status and Sexual Violence With Health and Mental Health Outcomes in Postconflict Liberia

"Among adult female former combatants, 42.3% (95% CI, 35.4%-49.1%; n = 80/182) experienced sexual violence at some point in their lifetime compared with only 9.2% (95% CI, 6.7%-11.7%; n = 63/698) of females who had not been combatants (P<.001)."

"Approximately one-third of adult male former combatants have experienced sexual violence compared with only about 7% of men who were not involved in combat (combatants, 32.6% [95% CI, 27.6%-37.6%], n = 118/367; noncombatants, 7.4% [95% CI, 4.5%-10.4%], n = 33/419; P<.001)."

"[M]ore importantly, the study shows that male combatants, like female combatants, also experienced sexual violence and may have been forced into sexual servitude." Male non-combatants also experienced rates of sexual violence similar to that of females.

https://www.nytimes.com/2011/03/02/opinion/02stemple.html

Lara Stemple notes:

"Sexual violence against men does occasionally make the news: the photographs of the sexual abuse and humiliation of Iraqi men at the Abu Ghraib prison, for example, stunned the world."

"Yet there are thousands of similar cases, less well publicized but well documented by researchers, in places as varied as Chile, Greece and Iran. The United Nations reported that out of 5,000 male concentration camp detainees held near Sarajevo during the Bosnian conflict, 80 percent acknowledged having been abused sexually. In El Salvador, 76 percent of male political prisoners told researchers they had experienced sexual torture."

"Rape has long been a way to humiliate, traumatize and silence the enemy. For many of the same reasons that combatants assault women and girls, they also rape men and boys."

"Nevertheless, international legal documents routinely reflect the assumption that sexual violence happens only to women and girls. There are dozens of references to “violence against women” defined to include sexual violence in United Nations human rights resolutions, treaties and agreements, but most don’t mention sexual violence against men."

"Our failure to acknowledge male rape leaves it in the shadows, compounding the humiliation that survivors experience. For instance, the majority of Tamil males in Sri Lanka who were sexually assaulted during that country’s long civil war did not report it to the authorities at the time, later explaining that they were simply too ashamed."

problem_redditor · 2021-05-20T01:40:03+00:00

Child labour is also primarily a boy's issue. Boys are routinely put to work in Arab countries.

‘Because We Struggle to Survive’ - Child Labour among Refugees of the Syrian Conflict

This study provides pertinent first-hand information on the reality facing Syrian children who are working either in their homeland, the neighbouring countries or elsewhere in Europe.

Syrian refugees escaping from the civil war in Syria experience widespread poverty, and a lot of them send their children to work. FGDs conducted with Syrian refugee children in Jordan revealed that one of the main reasons for children working is related to the lower risk of prosecution for illegal work in comparison to that facing adults. Moreover, the children consulted maintained that girls are less likely to be targeted by the police than boys or adults. As argued by the girls themselves, “females can find more job opportunities compared to males and the police do not focus on chasing girls as they do with boys and adults.”

Regardless, boys still comprise the large majority of paid child labourers. Among Syrian child labourers in Jordan, 87 per cent in host communities are boys. According to the girls consulted, “we should go to school or stay at home because it is the adults and males responsibilities to work, not females, especially children girls.” The report notes that the number of refugee families that are sending their daughters to work is extremely low because they fear that the girls will be sexually harassed.

Children who are recruited in armed conflicts to be deployed as child soldiers or to play a supporting role away from the frontlines or for sexual exploitation also seem to be vast majority male. The UN Secretary-General verified in his 2015 yearly report to the Security Council that “271 boys and 7 girls had been recruited and used by groups affiliated with the Free Syrian Army (FSA) (142), Kurdish People’s Protection Units (YPG/YPJ) (24), ISIL (69) and alNusra Front (ANF) (25). In 77 % of these cases, children were armed or used in combat and almost one fifth were under 15 years of age. Boys associated with armed groups were commonly between 14 and 17 years of age, with 17 verified cases of child recruitment under the age of 15. In many cases, children were paid to fight for salaries of up to $400 per month.”

Child Labour in the Arab Region

This report is based on available national data and country studies (from 2006 to 2016) and provides an overview of the main characteristics of child labour in the Arab region by economic sector.

Child labour appears to be higher among boys than girls. While the report does provide the caveat that surveys might fail to capture certain activities like household work which are typically assigned to girls, it notes:

"It can be observed in most countries under study that the share of boys in employment exceeds that of girls (table 4). This is true for both age groups, although the gender gap seems to be more pronounced among 15–17 year-olds (the number of working boys is more than twice higher than the number of working girls in this age group in Tunisia, Yemen and Sudan, and more than four times higher in Egypt, Iraq and Jordan)."

"The only exception to the higher share of employment among boys is found in the Occupied Palestinian Territory (OPT) where the share of males aged 15–17 in employment is notably lower than the share of females (16 per cent of females compared with less than 1 per cent of males)."

Table 4: Percentage of children in employment by country, age group and sex

	5-14 years	5-14 years	15-17 years	15-17 years
	Male	Female	Male	Female
Algeria 2012	7.6	5.8	(no data)	(no data)
Egypt 2012	2	0.4	14.3	2.4
Iraq 2011	6.6	3.3	21.9	4.9
Jordan 2016	1.6	0.3	9.9	0.9
OPT 2012	(no data)	(no data)	0.9	15.7
Sudan 2008	15.3	9.5	26.3	11.8
Syria 2006	7.1	3.6	(no data)	(no data)
Tunisia 2013	(no data)	(no data)	13.8	5.6
Yemen 2010	14.5	12.6	43.9	23.7

problem_redditor · 2021-05-20T01:42:23+00:00

When you're looking at western media reporting on what's going on in the developing world you almost have to assume, "if it's this bad for women, how bad is it for men?" Because they'll only show you what's happening to women (and yes, women DO face issues in these countries and big ones, but so do men. The female side will be focused on and the male side will be erased). The result is that a lot of things which are considered as "women's issues" actually happen to men too, it's just harder to find information on the men. But the info is there if you look for it.

I was reading an interesting report from the Danish Immigration Service’s fact-finding mission to Erbil, Sulemaniyah and Dahuk in Kurdistan called "Honour Crimes against Men in Kurdistan Region of Iraq (KRI) and the Availability of Protection".

https://t.co/NLUxLODbVk?amp=1

Here are some quotes from the article.

"Hassan Berwari, Country Representative, Diakonia, Dahuk, stated that women, as well as men, are victims of honour crimes, and both are being killed for honour offenses. It was emphasized that men are equally at risk of becoming victims of honour crimes as women."

"[T]he risk of falling victim to revenge because of an honour-related offense is real and can be long-term. Reference was made to an incident in Sulemaniyah where a man still fears for his life 18 years after he wronged a family’s honour."

"Khanim R. Latif, Asuda, Sulemaniyah, stated that male victims of honour disputes are much less likely than women to find assistance and protection from the police and/or from other authorities as well as NGOs. Basically, men who are under threat of an honour crime, such as killing, only have the option to flee the country."

"Dr. Jwan Ihsan Fawzi, University of Sulemaniyah, confirmed Khanim R. Latif’s observation that male victims of honour threats are much less likely than women to find assistance and protection from the police and/or other authorities and NGOs. There are only shelters for accommodating women, and there are no NGOs or governmental institutions that address the issue of men as victims of honour threats."

Clearly honour killings are not just killings of women. Yet the media and the larger public for years have kept on treating it as such, and this has resulted in a lack of services and aid for male victims of honour threats.

Another thing that keeps on being bandied around as a "woman's issue" in the media is child marriage. However, pretty much every culture that marries girls off also does this with their sons. In India's 2010-11 Annual Health Survey, data about marriage was collected, and the proportion of marriages among males and females taking place below the legal age (which is 21 years for men and 18 years for women), was tabulated.

https://www.censusindia.gov.in/vital_statistics/AHSBulletins/Factsheets.html

I'll sum up all the information in this table here:

State	Marriages among Females below legal age (18 years)	Marriages among Males below legal age (21 years)
Assam	10.2%	6.2%
Bihar	20.2%	20.0%
Chhattisgarh	6.0%	11.0%
Jharkhand	17.6%	14.3%
Madhya Pradesh	12.5%	18.9%
Odisha	5.1%	5.2%
Rajasthan	21.9%	30.1%
Uttar Pradesh	8.9%	17.1%
Uttarakhand	3.0%	5.4%

In a lot of these states a greater proportion of males than females were married below legal age. Granted, the legal age for males is slightly higher which skews the figures a bit but it certainly indicates that the issue doesn't only affect girls and that a huge amount of boys are also being married off. Given this, it's honestly incredible to me how we keep treating child marriage as a "women's issue" when it very clearly isn't.

Oncefa2 · 2021-05-20T02:10:02+00:00

This is about sharia law in Muslim countries:

https://np.reddit.com/r/MensRights/comments/c9tsso/one_of_my_favourite_comments_from_girlwriteswhat/

India has a fairly robust men's rights movement. For one thing men who are victims of sexual or domestic violence don't have legal recourse there.

And if you speak Spanish you can find all kinds of stuff under "masculinismo". There are several Facebook pages for example. We had something here about Argentina translated from one of those pages. Apparently a lot of Latin American countries have weird gendered laws around murder, and of course around domestic violence (although that is common in most places).

Femicide (or femicidio), as a legal concept, has a lower burden of proof than male homicides in Latin America.

Whenever a woman is found dead, there is also a culture of immediately suspecting a homicide.

And the bar to proving that and putting someone in jail for it is much lower than it is for men who are killed. Including when it really wasn't a murder, resulting in innocent people being put in jail to satisfy people's desire for "justice", among other problems.

problem_redditor · 2021-05-20T02:23:28+00:00

We all know about female genital mutilation and what a wrong it is, but male genital mutilation is also widespread in third world countries and people hardly bat an eye. People compare the worst forms of FGM to the standard form of MGM. But let's look at the range of practices that could be described as "male genital mutilation" or MGM.

"Nontherapeutic MGC ranges from ritual pricking (e.g., hatafat dam brit), to piercing, scraping the inside of the urethra, bloodletting, shaft scarring, and/or foreskin slitting (among, e.g., various ethnic groups in Papua New Guinea) [11], to circumcision as it is traditionally performed on male newborns in Judaism and generally in the United States (tearing of the membrane that fuses the immature foreskin to the head of the penis followed by excision of the majority of the foreskin) [12], to metzitzah b'peh (the same followed by direct oral suction of the wound, risking herpes infection, performed on more than 3,000 babies in New York City each year among some ultra-Orthodox Jews) [7], to non-sterilized, unanaesthetized circumcisions performed in the bush during rites of passage in Eastern and Southern Africa [13], to highly traumatic mass cutting of pre-teen boys carried out on school tables in the Philippines (tuli) [14], to forced circumcision of men following political conflict in various countries [15], to subincision (slicing open the underside of the penis lengthwise, often through to the urethra) in Aboriginal Australia [16], to involuntary castration (now rare but occasionally documented among the hijras of India)."

There is a wide range of practices which could be labeled "MGM", including some that are far more invasive & deadly than many forms of "FGM" from the WHO's typology, and that are practiced in unhygienic and dangerous conditions.

Circumcision among the Xhosa in South Africa is traditionally done in the bush as a rite of passage, sometimes with the use of spearheads and dirty knives, and frequently by medically untrained practitioners. Just as with female genital altering rites performed under comparable conditions (and often by the very same groups), these kinds of operations frequently cause haemorrhage, infection, mangling, and loss of the sexual organ. Between 2006 and 2010, more than three thousand Xhosa boys were hospitalised due to botched circumcisions in the Eastern Cape alone, with 269 recorded deaths among this group and 146 penile amputations.

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/322287554_The_law_and_ethics_of_female_genital_cutting

And while there are groups which practice MGM only, every group that practices FGM also practices MGM. When within-group practices are compared, a lot of the time MGM is as severe or more severe.

In the Dawoodi Bohra sect of Shia Islam, whose followers are concentrated in Gujarat, India, and Karachi, Pakistan: the boys are circumcised, and the girls—in the typical case—have part of their clitoral hood cut or removed in a practice known as khanta, with stated reasons for both kinds of cutting ranging from “religious purposes” to “physical hygiene and cleanliness” .

Among the Muslim Malay population of Southern Thailand, both boys and girls are subjected to genital cutting as a form of ritual purification as well as to symbolize full acceptance into the Islamic community. For their part, the boys have their foreskins removed in a public ceremony between the ages of 7 and 12, while the girls experience a “prick” to the clitoral hood shortly after birth.

By now it should be clear that both male and female genital mutilation fall on a wide spectrum, and that the harms they may entail substantially overlap. That this is not commonly understood in the popular discourse is most likely due to the fact that when Westerners hear the term “FGM,” they tend to think of the most extreme forms of female genital cutting, done in the least sterilized environments, with the most drastic consequences likeliest to follow (since these are the forms to which they will typically have been exposed, due to their disproportionate representation in the media and in other popular accounts). When people hear the term “male circumcision,” by contrast, they are much more likely to think of the least severe forms of male genital cutting, done in the most sterilized environments, with the least drastic consequences likeliest to follow, largely because this is the form with which they are culturally familiar.

This is what causes the misperception that MGM and FGM are materially different, and what causes people to believe the fantasy that that FGM is an impermissible form of "violence against girls" whereas MGM is not a serious moral concern.

problem_redditor · 2021-05-20T02:28:55+00:00

Uh, I have more information on things like domestic violence, executions, discriminatory laws etc but I've already spammed this post like shit and I think I'll be going now. If you do want more information, just tell me and I'll post more here. I've been collecting information for a long time on a variety of topics. Also, if anyone can't access the articles I'm posting, I recommend using sci-hub.se to access them.

I'll just leave this article here as a last word.

https://ncfm.org/2011/10/news/conscription/media-focus-on-rapes-and-other-female-miseries-while-ignoring-male-executions-worked-to-death-laborers-tortured-prisoners-and-nine-year-old-boy-soldiers-trained-to-kill-and-be-killed/

If I were you I'd read the whole thing. It's an excellent article and if you had to read only one of the things I've linked, this would be it. Money quote: "You can go to a brutal place, catalogue only the brutality toward women, and on that basis conclude that women are the victims, but if you don’t research conditions for men, if you don’t compare the female victimization against male victimization, your conclusion is logically bankrupt. Even worse, our perceptions of gender reality are further distorted when the only comparison that is regularly made is the comparison between conditions experienced by the average woman vs. conditions experienced by the elite male."

problem_redditor · 2021-05-20T01:53:38+00:00

Here are more studies on physical and sexual abuse of men and boys in third world countries.

Study on Child Abuse: INDIA 2007.

This is a report on child sexual victimisation in India. The major groups studied in this report were child respondents in the age group of 5-18 years, comprising three separate age groups 5-12 years, 13-14 years and 15-18 years. The second category of respondents was young adults in the age group 18-24 years.

The report breaks sexual abuse down into two main categories: "Severe" forms of sexual abuse (which includes being sexually assaulted, forced to fondle genitals, forced to exhibit private parts and photographed in the nude) and "other" forms of sexual abuse (which includes forcible kissing, sexual advances made during travel and marriages and exposure to pornographic materials).

Of the child respondents, 23.06% of the boys surveyed reported being subjected to one or more severe forms of sexual abuse, compared with 18.58% of the girls. 51.86% of the boys surveyed reported being subjected to one or more forms of other sexual abuse, compared with 49.57% of the girls.

Of the young adult sample, 60.58% of males reported being subjected to one or more forms of sexual abuse during childhood, compared with 41.12% of the females.

In some places like Delhi, boys are about twice as likely to experience sexual abuse than girls.

Prevalence of dating partner violence and suicidal ideation among male and female university students worldwide

This 2008 worldwide survey of nearly 16,000 university students from 22 sites in 21 countries found that "Male and female students were remarkably similar in the proportion of those who... reported being a victim of sexual coercion" in their dating relationships. In 10 of the 22 sites (India, Israel, Korea, Singapore, Australia, Germany, Greece, Portugal, Sweden, and the US), a higher proportion of men compared to women reported experiencing sexual coercion in the previous 12 months. In another 6 of these sites (Brazil, Canada, Switzerland, UK, China, Netherlands) rates for women were higher, but the difference is not very large at all (amounting to only a few percentage points).

There is a larger gender disparity in self-reports of perpetration in this study, but even so in most of these sites a surprisingly large proportion of women report having engaged in sexually coercive activities. In Hong Kong and New Zealand, a larger proportion of women than men report having perpetrated sexual coercion against a dating partner in the previous 12 months.

Victimization Experiences of Adolescents in Malaysia

A cross-sectional survey of 1,870 students was conducted in 20 randomly selected secondary schools in Selangor state (mean age: 16 years; 58.8% female). The questionnaire included items on individual, family, and social background and different types of victimization experiences in childhood.

"Compared with females, males reported more physical, emotional, and sexual victimization. The excess of sexual victimization among boys was due to higher exposure to noncontact events, whereas prevalence of forced intercourse was equal for both genders (3.0%)."

Effect of gender on childhood maltreatment in the state of Qatar: Retrospective study

A representative sample of Qatari youth aged between 18 and 24 years were identified using a cross sectional random household survey. The total number of subjects was 697 of whom 46.8% were male. Participants self-administered the ICAST-R (retrospective), which includes questions about exposure below the age of 18 to potentially abusive physical, psychological and sexual behaviors. Verbal consent was obtained following an introductory explanation and assurance of confidentiality.

What they found was "At least one form of physical abuse was reported by 22.1% of participants and was significantly higher among males (28.2%) than females (16.7%) p<0.001). A trend for greater abuse was identified among boys aged over five which become statistically significant between 10 -13 years (p=0.001). For psychological abuse the overall rates were very similar, 16.2% for girls and 15.0% for boys. Only 17 (2.5%) of participants reported sexual abuse, with no statistically significant gender difference."

problem_redditor · 2021-05-20T02:10:48+00:00

Reported child sexual abuse in Bahrain: 2000-2009

This is a descriptive study about child sexual abuse in Bahrain. It is based on a retrospective review of the Child Protection Unit (CPU) medical records of child sexual abuse cases evaluated over the last ten years, from 2000-2009. It included all children from birth to younger than 18 years of age who were evaluated by the CPU for sexual abuse, though "[c]ases that had signs and symptoms indicative of diseases mimicking child sexual abuse were excluded."

The number of children diagnosed exposed to CSA was 440, and 222 (50.5%) were males and 218 (49.5%) were females. They note that "Male and female victims are almost equal in number".

However, despite the similar number of males and females found to be abused, Bahrain law is openly sex-discriminatory. Look at the Bahrain Penal Code.

The penal code of Bahrain discriminates based on the sex of the victim when it comes to sexual assault. Chapter 2 "Rape and Sexual Assault" covers this.

According to Article 344, sexually assaulting a woman will result in the following penalties:

"Life imprisonment shall be the penalty for any person who assaults a woman without her consent."

"The penalty shall be a death sentence or life imprisonment if the victim is less than sixteen years of age."

"The non-consent of the victim shall be presumed if she is less than fourteen years of age."So what are the penalties for sexually assaulting a man? Article 346 lays this out:

"A prison sentence for a period not exceeding ten years shall be the punishment for any person who assaults another against his will."

"The punishment shall be a prison sentence if the victim is less than sixteen years."

"The non-consent of the victim shall be presumed if he is less than fourteen years."

The laws in Bahrain are blatantly sex-discriminatory and treat the rape of women as a worse offence than rape of men. If a woman or girl is raped, the perpetrator will receive a death penalty or life sentence. If a man or boy is raped, the perpetrator will receive a prison sentence for a period not exceeding ten years.

Other laws in third world countries are similarly sex-discriminatory.

According to Section 375 of the Indian Penal Code:

§375. A man is said to commit "rape" if he:–– (a) penetrates his penis, to any extent, into the vagina, mouth, urethra or anus of a woman or makes her to do so with him or any other person; or (b) inserts, to any extent, any object or a part of the body, not being the penis, into the vagina, the urethra or anus of a woman or makes her to do so with him or any other person; or (c) manipulates any part of the body of a woman so as to cause penetration into the vagina, urethra, anus or any part of body of such woman or makes her to do so with him or any other person; or (d) applies his mouth to the vagina, anus, urethra of a woman or makes her to do so with him or any other person, under the circumstances falling under any of the following seven descriptions:

Firstly. –– Against her will. Secondly. –– Without her consent. Thirdly. –– With her consent, when her consent has been obtained by putting her or any person in whom she is interested, in fear of death or of hurt. Fourthly. –– With her consent, when the man knows that he is not her husband and that her consent is given because she believes that he is another man to whom she is or believes herself to be lawfully married. Fifthly. –– With her consent when, at the time of giving such consent, by reason of unsoundness of mind or intoxication or the administration by him personally or through another of any stupefying or unwholesome Substance, she is unable to understand the nature and consequences of that to which she gives consent. Sixthly. –– With or without her consent, when she is under eighteen years of age. Seventhly. –– When she is unable to communicate consent.

This is again sex-discriminatory and does not cover the rape of males by females. This law might have been amended to be gender neutral, but Indian feminists and "women's rights" groups lobbied against it and it ended up not happening.

An article lobbying for equity in legislation in South Africa, called 13,915 reasons for equity in sexual offences legislation: A national school-based survey in South Africa notes that only in May 2007 the definition of rape was expanded to include forced sex with men. Until then, sexual abuse of boy children could only be charged as indecent assault – a considerably more trivial offence than rape.

It also notes that South African boys suffer high rates of sexual abuse.

"Occurrence of male child rape [in South Africa:] Weighted by province and urban/rural areas, 9% (based on 13915/127097) reported forced sex without consent in the last year. In answer to a separate question, 44% of 18 year-olds said they had "ever" been forced to have sex (weighted value of 5385/11450)."

"In response to the question about the sex of the perpetrator, 32% of those who answered (7755/23889) said the perpetrator was male, 41% (weighted value for 9879/23889) said she was female and 26% (6255/23889) said they had been forced to have sex by both male and female perpetrators. Male abuse of schoolboys was much more common in rural areas while female perpetration was more an urban phenomenon."

"Male schoolchildren in South Africa suffer high rates of sexual abuse, many of the assaults perpetrated in school. By the age of 18 years, two in every five schoolboys reported being forced to have sex, mostly by female perpetrators."

"This study was a cross-section of children present at sample schools during a single field visit. The anonymous, facilitated self-administered questionnaire prevented registering class members not present at the time of the visit, and no effort was made to contact those who were not present as this would make them identifiable as individuals. It seems reasonable to assume that, if anything, the survey underestimated sexual violence among schoolboys."

Stephen_Morgan · 2021-05-20T10:55:22+00:00

We've recently been hearing about how awful it is that Biden proposes to abandon the women of Afghanistan, but obviously men and boys there have issues too.

In addition to things like circumcision whcih are endemic in the Islamic world, there is also the practice of Bacha Bazi, the systematic rape by the local elite of underage boys, and specifically boys. According to some versions of history, the Taleban first gained power by overthrowing warlords who had kidnapped underage boys for rape. When the Taleban were removed from power the system made a big comeback, with the active support of American military forces.

Men in Taleban Afghanistan were also required to have beards, and to wear the salwar kameez, a clear parallel for the enforced wearing of the burqa.

I remember back in 2001 people were talking about how awful Afghanistan must be for women, because 75% of the refugees were women. The reason, of course, was that men were more likely to have been killed or conscripted for the fighting between the Northern Alliance and the Taleban.

Carkudo · 2021-05-21T04:42:07+00:00

I'm a Russian expat living in Japan so I could give you some perspective of men's issues in Russia and Japan as well as perhaps specific issues of expat men in Japan.
I, however, suck at writing such things out in free form, so this might work out better if you give me some questions to work with.

Title	Need Information, Part 4
Author	miss_Aesthetic-
Upvotes	11
Comments	13
Date	May 19, 2021 10:41 PM UTC (5 years ago)
Subreddit	Posted in /r/LeftWingMaleAdvocates
Original Link	https://old.reddit.com/r/LeftWingMaleAdvocates/comments/ngjgj1/need_information_part_4/
Archive Link	https://theredarchive.com/r/LeftWingMaleAdvocates/need-information-part-4.1061294 https://theredarchive.com/post/1061294

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