In Early Modern Russia, Witches Were Men and Belief in Magic Was Universal

parahacker · 2023-10-12T09:51:06+00:00

Related fact of the day: witch trials in Europe overall condemned more men than women for witchcraft, with the ratio leaning more heavily towards killing men the further east you went.

ChuckDanger-PI · 2023-10-12T10:41:51+00:00

Sorry, forgot to add a top-level comment. As we get close to Halloween, I thought the community might find this article interesting. Witches are strongly associated with women in western Europe (although I wish we would talk about warlocks more), but in Russia, witchcraft was identified with men. This article examines male witches in pre-revolutionary Russia and how their witchcraft fit into the strict class hierarchies of Czarist Russia.

psychosythe · 2023-10-11T14:52:32+00:00

"Strong, independent women." Is a fun way to refer to mentally ill old women.

SvitlanaLeo · 2023-10-12T01:30:58+00:00

In Russia, Sudebnik of 1550, article 26 represented discrimination against men:

Статья 26. А за бесчестье детям боярским, имеющим кормление, выплачивать согласно их доходам, записанным в книгах; а женам за бесчестье вдвое больше согласно доходам (их мужей). А за бесчестье детей боярских платить в зависимости от их денежного жалованья, а женам их вдовое больше. А дьякам палатным и дворцовым бесчестья что Царь и Великий князь укажет; а женам их вдовое больше их бесчестья. Большим гостям бесчестья пятьдесят рублей, а женам их вдвое больше, Торговым людям и посадским людям и всем средним бесчестья пять рублей; а женам их бесчестья вдвое больше. Боярскому доброму человеку бесчестья пять рублей, кроме тиунов и доводчиков; а женам их вдвое больше. Тиуну боярскому, или доводчику и праветчику бесчестье оплачивать в зависимости от их дохода, а женам их вдвое больше. Крестьянину пашенному и непашенному бесчестье рубль, а жене его два рубля. Боярскому человеку младшему или черному городскому человеку младшему бесчестье рубль; а женам их бесчестье вдвое больше. За увечье крестьянину платить исходя из нанесенного увечья и отдельно за бесчестье, и всем остальным оплачивать в зависимости от увечья и положения человека.

Rough Translation

Article 26. And for dishonor, boyar children who pay taxes in kind or money should be paid according to their income recorded in the books; and for wives twice the amount for dishonor according to the income (of their husbands). And for the dishonor of the boyars' children, pay depending on their monetary salary, and their widow's wives more. And the ward and palace clerks will be dishonored whatever the Tsar and Grand Duke indicate; and to their widows their dishonor is greater than theirs. For big guests, dishonor is fifty rubles, and for their wives twice as much; for merchants and townspeople and all average people, dishonor is five rubles; and their wives receive twice as much dishonor. Five rubles of dishonor to a good boyar, in addition to tiuns and closers; and for wives there are twice as many. The boyar tiun, or the closer and the pravetchik, is paid the dishonor depending on their income, and their wives are paid twice as much. The arable and uncultivated peasant will recieve a ruble, and his wife will recieve two rubles. For a younger boyar or a younger black city man, the ruble is dishonorable; and their wives are dishonored twice as much. For injury, the peasant must be paid based on the injury inflicted and separately for dishonor, and everyone else must be paid depending on the injury and the person’s position.

Title	In Early Modern Russia, Witches Were Men and Belief in Magic Was Universal
Author	ChuckDanger-PI
Upvotes	33
Comments	10
Date	October 11, 2023 1:09 PM UTC (2 years ago)
Subreddit	Posted in /r/LeftWingMaleAdvocates
Original Link	https://old.reddit.com/r/LeftWingMaleAdvocates/comments/175dngg/in_early_modern_russia_witches_were_men_and/
Archive Link	https://theredarchive.com/r/LeftWingMaleAdvocates/in-early-modern-russia-witches-were-men-and-belief.1234776 https://theredarchive.com/post/1234776

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