This article by the American psychological association factors in several other studies that may explain the gender difference in academic performance. Although not completely opposed to genetic differences, it suggests that culture plays a very important role.

Notable Facts:

  • When men and women with strong math backrounds were given tests, the women who were told they would perform worse did perform significantly worse than men, the women who wer etold of no gender difference performes equal to men

  • Test anxiety, aswell as general anxiety has been shown to be more common in women, and also has a huge impact on performance.

  • There has always been a gap in math performance in girls and boys, but as women have been more and more liberated throughout time, the gap gets smaller and smaller

http://www.apa.org/action/resources/research-in-action/share.aspx